化合物简介
Linamarin is a cyanogenic glucoside found in the leaves and roots of plants such as cassava, lima beans, and flax. It is a glucoside of acetone cyanohydrin. Upon exposure to enzymes and gut flora in the human intestine, linamarin and its methylated relative lotaustralin can decompose to the toxic chemical hydrogen cyanide; hence food uses of plants that contain significant quantities of linamarin require extensive preparation and detoxification. Ingested and absorbed linamarin is rapidly excreted in the urine and the glucoside itself does not appear to be acutely toxic. Consumption of cassava products with low levels of linamarin is widespread in the low-land tropics. Ingestion of food prepared from insufficiently processed cassava roots with high linamarin levels has been associated with dietary toxicity, particularly with the upper motor neuron disease known as konzo to the African populations in which it was first described by Trolli and later through the research network initiated by Hans Rosling. However, the toxicity is believed to be induced by ingestion of acetone cyanohydrin, the breakdown product of linamarin. Dietary exposure to linamarin has also been reported as a risk factor in developing glucose intolerance and diabetes, although studies in experimental animals have been inconsistent in reproducing this effect and may indicate that the primary effect is in aggravating existing conditions rather than inducing diabetes on its own.
基本信息
中文名称
菜豆苷
英文名称
linamarin
中文别名
亚麻苷
英文别名
LINAMARIN、2-methyl-2-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxypropanenitrile、Phaseolunatin、Propanenitrile, 2-(β-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-2-methyl-
CAS号
554-35-8
分子式
C10H17NO6
分子量
247.245
精确质量
247.106
PSA
123.17
LOGP
-1.89492
编号系统
UNII
H3V9RP3WLO
物化性质
密度
1.41g/cm3
沸点
473.3ºC at 760mmHg
熔点
142-143ºC
闪点
240ºC
折射率
1.549
稳定性
Acid Sensitive
储存条件
2-8ºC
安全信息
危险类别码
R20/22; R36/37/38
危险品标志
Xn
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